Exhibit 99.3
RISK
FACTORS
An investment in our securities is subject to a number of risks.
You should consider carefully the risks and uncertainties
described below and other publicly filed information, including the financial statements and related
notes, before deciding to invest in our securities. While these are
the risks and uncertainties we believe are most important for
you to consider, you should know that they are not the only
risks or uncertainties facing us or which may adversely affect
our business. If any of the following risks or uncertainties
actually were to occur, our businesses, financial condition or
results of operations could be affected materially and
adversely.
Risks
Inherent in Our Business
Our
substantial indebtedness could limit our flexibility, adversely
affect our financial health and prevent us from making scheduled payments.
We have a
substantial amount of indebtedness.
Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences
to you. For example, it could:
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make it difficult for us to satisfy our obligations;
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make us more vulnerable to general adverse economic and industry
conditions;
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require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow
from operations to payments on our indebtedness, thereby
reducing the availability of our cash flow for operations and
other purposes;
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limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes
in our business and the industry in which we operate; and
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place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors
that may have proportionately less indebtedness.
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In addition, our ability to make scheduled payments or to
refinance our obligations depends on our successful financial
and operating performance. We cannot assure you that our
operating performance will generate sufficient cash flow or that
our capital resources will be sufficient for payment of our
indebtedness obligations in the future. Our financial and
operating performance, cash flow and capital resources depend
upon prevailing economic conditions and certain financial,
business and other factors, many of which are beyond our control.
If our cash flow and capital resources are insufficient to fund
our debt service obligations, we may be forced to sell material
assets or operations, obtain additional capital or restructure
our debt. In the event that we are required to dispose of
material assets or operations or restructure our debt to meet
our debt service and other obligations, we cannot assure you as
to the terms of any such transaction or how quickly any such
transaction could be completed, if at all.
Our
profitability is dependent upon prices and market demand for
natural gas and NGLs, which are beyond our control and have been
volatile.
We are subject to significant risks due to fluctuations in
commodity prices. We are directly exposed to these risks
primarily in the gas processing component of our business. We
are also indirectly exposed to commodity prices due to the
negative impacts on production and the development of production
on the volumes of natural gas and NGLs connected to or near our
assets and on our margins for transportation between certain
market centers. A large percentage of our processing fees are
realized under percent of liquids (POL) contracts that are
directly impacted by the market price of NGLs. We also realize
processing gross margins under processing margin (margin)
contracts. These settlements are impacted by the relationship
between NGL prices and the underlying natural gas prices, which
is also referred to as the fractionation spread.
A significant volume of inlet gas at our south Louisiana and
north Texas processing plants is settled under POL agreements.
The POL fees are denominated in the form of a share of the
liquids extracted and we are not responsible for the fuel or
shrink associated with processing. Therefore, revenue under a
POL agreement is directly impacted by NGL prices, and the
decline of these prices in the second half of 2008 and early
2009 contributed to a significant decline in our gross margin
from processing.
We have a number of contracts on our Plaquemine and Gibson
processing plants that expose us to the fractionation spread.
Under these margin contracts our gross margin is based upon the
difference in the value of NGLs extracted from the gas less the
value of the product in its gaseous state (shrink)
and the cost of fuel to extract during processing. During the
second half of 2008 and early 2009, the fractionation spread
narrowed significantly as the value of NGLs decreased more than
the value of the gas and fuel associated with the processed gas.
Thus the gross margin realized under these margin contracts was
negatively impacted due to the commodity price environment. Such
a decline may negatively impact our gross margin in the future
if we have such declines again.
In the past, the prices of natural gas and NGLs have been
extremely volatile and we expect this volatility to continue.
For example, prices of oil, natural gas and NGLs in 2009 were
below the market price realized throughout most of 2008. Crude
oil prices (based on the New York Mercantile Exchange (the
NYMEX) futures daily close prices for the prompt
month) improved during 2009 with prices ranging from a low of
$33.98 per Bbl in February 2009 to a high of $81.37 per Bbl in
October 2009. Weighted average NGL prices (based on the Oil
Price Information Service (OPIS) Mt. Belvieu daily average spot
liquids prices) have also improved with prices ranging from a
low of $0.58 per gallon in March 2009 to a high of $1.21 per
gallon in December 2009. Natural gas prices declined during 2009
with prices ranging from a high of $6.10 per MMBtu in January
2009 to a low of $1.85 per MMBtu in September 2009. Natural gas
prices improved during the fourth quarter of 2009, with prices
reaching a high of $6.00 per MMBtu in December 2009.
The markets and prices for natural gas and NGLs depend upon
factors beyond our control. These factors include the supply and
demand for oil, natural gas and NGLs, which fluctuate with
changes in market and economic conditions and other factors,
including:
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the impact of weather on the demand for oil and natural gas;
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the level of domestic oil and natural gas production;
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technology, including improved production techniques
(particularly with respect to shale development);
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the level of domestic industrial and manufacturing activity;
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the availability of imported oil, natural gas and NGLs;
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international demand for oil and NGLs;
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actions taken by foreign oil and gas producing nations;
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the availability of local, intrastate and interstate
transportation systems;
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the availability of downstream NGL fractionation facilities;
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the availability and marketing of competitive fuels;
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the impact of energy conservation efforts; and
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the extent of governmental regulation and taxation, including
the regulation of greenhouse gases.
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Changes in commodity prices may also indirectly impact our
profitability by influencing drilling activity and well
operations, and thus the volume of gas we gather and process.
This volatility may cause our gross margin and cash flows to
vary widely from period to period. Our hedging strategies may
not be sufficient to offset price volatility risk and, in any
event, do not cover all of our throughput volumes. Moreover,
hedges are subject to inherent risks, which we describe in
Our use of derivative financial instruments does not
eliminate our exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices and
interest rates and has in the past and could in the future
result in financial losses or reduce our income. For a
discussion of our risk management activities, please read
Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of OperationsCommodity Price
Risk.
We may
not be able to obtain additional funding for future capital
needs or to refinance our debt, either on acceptable terms or at
all.
Global financial markets and economic conditions have been, and
continue to be, disrupted and volatile, which has caused
substantial contraction in the credit and capital markets. These
conditions, along with significant write-offs in the financial
services sector and current weak economic conditions, have made,
and will likely continue to make, it difficult to obtain funding
for our capital needs. As a result, the cost of raising money in
the debt and equity capital markets has increased substantially
while the availability of funds from those markets has
diminished significantly. Due to these factors, we cannot be
certain that new debt or equity financing will be available to
us on acceptable terms or at all. If funding is not available
when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may
be unable to meet our obligations as they come due. Without
adequate funding, we may be unable to execute our growth
strategy, complete future acquisitions or future construction
projects or other capital expenditures, take advantage of other
business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any
of which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues
and results of operations. Further, our customers may increase
collateral requirements from us, including letters of credit
which reduce available borrowing capacity, or reduce the
business they transact with us to reduce their credit exposure
to us.
Due to
current economic conditions, our ability to obtain funding under
our bank credit facility could be impaired.
We operate in a capital-intensive industry and rely on our bank
credit facility to assist in financing a significant portion of
our capital expenditures. Our ability to borrow under our new
bank credit facility may be impaired. Specifically, we may be
unable to obtain adequate funding under our bank credit facility
because:
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one or more of our lenders may be unable or otherwise fail to
meet its funding obligations;
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the lenders do not have to provide funding if there is a default
under the credit agreement or if any of the representations or
warranties included in the agreement are false in any material
respect; and
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if any lender refuses to fund its commitment for any reason,
whether or not valid, the other lenders are not required to
provide additional funding to make up for the unfunded portion.
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If we are unable to access funds under our bank credit facility,
we will need to meet our capital requirements, including some of
our short-term capital requirements, using other sources.
Alternative sources of liquidity may not be available on
acceptable terms, if at all. If the cash generated from our
operations or the funds we are able to obtain under our bank
credit facility or other sources of liquidity are not sufficient
to meet our capital requirements, then we may need to delay or
abandon capital projects or other business opportunities, which
could have a material adverse effect on our results of
operations and financial condition.
Due to
our lack of asset diversification, adverse developments in our
gathering, transmission, processing and producer services
businesses would materially impact our financial
condition.
We rely exclusively on the revenues generated from our
gathering, transmission, processing and producer services
businesses, and as a result our financial condition depends upon
prices of, and continued demand for, natural gas and NGLs. Due
to our lack of asset diversification, an adverse development in
one of these businesses would have a significantly greater
impact on our financial condition and results of operations than
if we maintained more diverse assets.
Many
of our customers drilling activity levels and spending for
transportation on our pipeline system or gathering and
processing at our facilities have been, and may continue to be,
impacted by the current deterioration in the credit
markets.
Many of our customers finance their drilling activities through
cash flow from operations, the incurrence of debt or the
issuance of equity. During the last half of 2008 and during
2009, there was a significant decline in the credit markets and
the availability of credit. Adverse price changes, coupled with
the overall downturn in the economy and the constrained capital
markets, put downward pressure on drilling budgets for gas
producers, which has resulted in lower volumes that we otherwise
would have seen being transported on our pipeline and gathering
systems and processing through our processing plants. We saw a
decline in drilling activity by gas producers in our Barnett
Shale area of operation in north Texas during the fourth quarter
of 2008 and during 2009. A continued decline in drilling
activity or low drilling activity could have a material adverse
effect on our operations.
We are
exposed to the credit risk of our customers and counterparties,
and a general increase in the nonpayment and nonperformance by
our customers could have an adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations.
Risks of nonpayment and nonperformance by our customers are a
major concern in our business. We are subject to risks of loss
resulting from nonpayment or nonperformance by our customers and
other counterparties, such as our lenders and hedging
counterparties. Any increase in the nonpayment and
nonperformance by our customers could adversely affect our
results of operations and reduce our ability to make
distributions to our unitholders. Many of our customers finance
their activities through cash flow from operations, the
incurrence of debt or the issuance of equity. Recently, there
has been a significant decline in the credit markets and the
availability of credit. Additionally, many of our
customers equity values have substantially declined. The
combination of reduction of cash flow resulting from declines in
commodity prices, a reduction in borrowing bases under reserve
based credit facilities and the lack of availability of debt or
equity financing may result in a significant reduction in our
customers liquidity and ability to make payment or perform
on their obligations to us. Furthermore, some of our customers
may be highly leveraged and subject to their own operating and
regulatory risks, which increases the risk that they may default
on their obligations to us.
Our
use of derivative financial instruments does not eliminate our
exposure to fluctuations in commodity prices and interest rates
and has in the past and could in the future result in financial
losses or reduce our income.
Our operations expose us to fluctuations in commodity prices,
and our bank credit facility exposes us to fluctuations in
interest rates. We use
over-the-counter
price and basis swaps with other natural gas merchants and
financial institutions and interest rate swaps with financial
institutions. Use of these instruments
is intended to reduce our exposure to short-term volatility in
commodity prices and interest rates. As of September 30,
2009, we have hedged only portions of our variable-rate debt and
expected natural gas supply, NGL production and natural gas
requirements, and had direct interest rate and commodity price
risk with respect to the unhedged portions. In addition, to the
extent we hedge our commodity price and interest rate risks
using swap instruments, we will forego the benefits of favorable
changes in commodity prices or interest rates. We anticipate
using a portion of the proceeds from this transaction to pay
costs associated with settling our interest rate swaps
associated with our existing credit facility.
Even though monitored by management, our hedging activities may
fail to protect us and could reduce our earnings and cash flow.
Our hedging activity may be ineffective or adversely affect cash
flow and earnings because, among other factors:
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hedging can be expensive, particularly during periods of
volatile prices;
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our counterparty in the hedging transaction may default on its
obligation to pay or otherwise fail to perform; and
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available hedges may not correspond directly with the risks
against which we seek protection. For example:
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the duration of a hedge may not match the duration of the risk
against which we seek protection;
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variations in the index we use to price a commodity hedge may
not adequately correlate with variations in the index we use to
sell the physical commodity (known as basis risk); and
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we may not produce or process sufficient volumes to cover swap
arrangements we enter into for a given period. If our actual
volumes are lower than the volumes we estimated when entering
into a swap for the period, we might be forced to satisfy all or
a portion of our derivative obligation without the benefit of
cash flow from our sale or purchase of the underlying physical
commodity, which could adversely affect our liquidity.
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Our financial statements may reflect gains or losses arising
from exposure to commodity prices or interest rates for which we
are unable to enter into fully effective hedges. In addition,
the standards for cash flow hedge accounting are rigorous. Even
when we engage in hedging transactions that are effective
economically, these transactions may not be considered effective
cash flow hedges for accounting purposes. Our earnings could be
subject to increased volatility to the extent our derivatives do
not continue to qualify as cash flow hedges, and, if we assume
derivatives as part of an acquisition, to the extent we cannot
obtain or choose not to seek cash flow hedge accounting for the
derivatives we assume. Please read Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
OperationsCommodity Price Risk. for a summary of our
hedging activities.
We may
not be successful in balancing our purchases and
sales.
We are a party to certain long-term gas sales commitments that
we satisfy through supplies purchased under long-term gas
purchase agreements. When we enter into those arrangements, our
sales obligations generally match our purchase obligations.
However, over time the supplies that we have under contract may
decline due to reduced drilling or other causes and we may be
required to satisfy the sales obligations by buying additional
gas at prices that may exceed the prices received under the
sales commitments. In addition, a producer could fail to deliver
contracted volumes or deliver in excess of contracted volumes,
or a consumer could purchase more or less than contracted
volumes. Any of these actions could cause our purchases and
sales not to be balanced. If our purchases and sales are not
balanced, we will face increased exposure to commodity price
risks and could have increased volatility in our operating
income.
We make certain commitments to purchase natural gas in
production areas based on production-area indices and to sell
the natural gas into market areas based on market-area indices,
pay the costs to transport the natural gas between the two
points and capture the difference between the indices as margin.
Changes in the index prices relative to each other (also
referred to as basis spread) can significantly affect our
margins or
even result in losses. For example, we are a party to one
contract where we buy gas on several different production-area
indices on our NTP and sell the gas into a different market area
index. For the fourth quarter of 2009, this imbalance resulted
in a loss of approximately $1.8 million due to basis
differentials between the various market prices.
We
must continually compete for natural gas supplies, and any
decrease in our supplies of natural gas could adversely affect
our financial condition and results of operations.
If we are unable to maintain or increase the throughput on our
systems by accessing new natural gas supplies to offset the
natural decline in reserves, our business and financial results
could be materially, adversely affected. In addition, our future
growth will depend, in part, upon whether we can contract for
additional supplies at a greater rate than the rate of natural
decline in our currently connected supplies.
In order to maintain or increase throughput levels in our
natural gas gathering systems and asset utilization rates at our
processing plants and to fulfill our current sales commitments,
we must continually contract for new natural gas supplies. We
may not be able to obtain additional contracts for natural gas
supplies. The primary factors affecting our ability to connect
new wells to our gathering facilities include our success in
contracting for existing natural gas supplies that are not
committed to other systems and the level of drilling activity
near our gathering systems. Fluctuations in energy prices can
greatly affect production rates and investments by third parties
in the development of new oil and natural gas reserves. For
example, as oil and natural gas prices decreased during the last
half of 2008 and the first half of 2009, there was a
corresponding decrease in drilling activity. Tax policy changes
or additional regulatory restrictions on development could also
have a negative impact on drilling activity, reducing supplies
of natural gas available to our systems. We have no control over
producers and depend on them to maintain sufficient levels of
drilling activity. A material decrease in natural gas production
or in the level of drilling activity in our principal geographic
areas for a prolonged period, as a result of depressed commodity
prices or otherwise, likely would have a material adverse effect
on our results of operations and financial position.
We are
vulnerable to operational, regulatory and other risks due to our
concentration of assets in south Louisiana and the Gulf of
Mexico, including the effects of adverse weather conditions such
as hurricanes.
Our operations and revenues will be significantly impacted by
conditions in south Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico because we
have a significant portion of our assets located in south
Louisiana and the Gulf of Mexico. In 2008, our business was
negatively impacted by hurricanes Gustav and Ike, which came
ashore in the Gulf Coast in September. These storms resulted in
an adverse impact to our gross margins of approximately
$22.9 million in the last half of 2008. Although we did not
sustain substantial physical damage, several offshore production
platforms and pipelines owned by third parties that transport
gas production to our Pelican, Eunice, Sabine Pass and Blue
Water processing plants in south Louisiana were damaged by the
storms. Some of the repairs to these offshore facilities were
completed during the fourth quarter of 2008, but gas production
to our south Louisiana plants did not recover to pre-hurricane
levels until September 2009.
Our concentration of activity in Louisiana and the Gulf of
Mexico makes us more vulnerable than many of our competitors to
the risks associated with these areas, including:
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adverse weather conditions, including hurricanes and tropical
storms;
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delays or decreases in production, the availability of
equipment, facilities or services; and
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changes in the regulatory environment.
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Because a significant portion of our operations could experience
the same condition at the same time, these conditions could have
a relatively greater impact on our results of operations than
they might have on other midstream companies who have operations
in more diversified geographic areas.
In addition, our operations in south Louisiana are dependent
upon continued conventional and deep shelf drilling in the Gulf
of Mexico. The deep shelf in the Gulf of Mexico is an area that
has had limited historical drilling activity. This is due, in
part, to its geological complexity and depth. Deep shelf
development
is more expensive and inherently more risky than conventional
shelf drilling. A decline in the level of deep shelf drilling in
the Gulf of Mexico could have an adverse effect on our financial
condition and results of operations.
Increased
regulation of hydraulic fracturing could result in reductions or
delays in natural gas production by our customers, which could
adversely impact our revenues.
The U.S. Congress is currently considering legislation to
amend the federal Safe Drinking Water Act to subject hydraulic
fracturing operations to regulation under that Act and to
require the disclosure of chemicals used by the oil and gas
industry in the hydraulic fracturing process. Hydraulic
fracturing is an important and commonly used process in the
completion of oil and gas wells by our customers, particularly
in Barnett Shale and Haynesville Shale regions of our
operations. Hydraulic fracturing involves the injection of
water, sand and chemicals under pressure into rock formations to
stimulate gas production. Sponsors of bills currently pending
before the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives have
asserted that chemicals used in the fracturing process could
adversely affect drinking water supplies. Proposed legislation
would require, among other things, the reporting and public
disclosure of chemicals used in the fracturing process, which
could make it easier for third parties opposing the hydraulic
fracturing process to initiate legal proceedings against
producers and service providers. In addition, these bills, if
adopted, could establish an additional level of regulation and
permitting of hydraulic fracturing operations at the federal
level, which could lead to operational delays, increased
operating costs and additional regulatory burdens that could
make it more difficult for our customers to perform hydraulic
fracturing. Many producers make extensive use of hydraulic
fracturing in the areas that we serve and any increased federal,
state or local regulation could reduce the volumes of natural
gas that they move through our gathering systems which would
materially adversely affect our revenues and results of
operations.
A
substantial portion of our assets is connected to natural gas
reserves that will decline over time, and the cash flows
associated with those assets will decline
accordingly.
A substantial portion of our assets, including our gathering
systems, is dedicated to certain natural gas reserves and wells
for which the production will naturally decline over time.
Accordingly, our cash flows associated with these assets will
also decline. If we are unable to access new supplies of natural
gas either by connecting additional reserves to our existing
assets or by constructing or acquiring new assets that have
access to additional natural gas reserves, our cash flows may
decline.
Growing
our business by constructing new pipelines and processing
facilities subjects us to construction risks, risks that natural
gas supplies will not be available upon completion of the
facilities and risks of construction delay and additional costs
due to obtaining
rights-of-way
and complying with federal, state and local laws.
One of the ways we intend to grow our business is through the
construction of additions to our existing gathering systems and
construction of new pipelines and gathering and processing
facilities. The construction of pipelines and gathering and
processing facilities requires the expenditure of significant
amounts of capital, which may exceed our expectations.
Generally, we may have only limited natural gas supplies
committed to these facilities prior to their construction.
Moreover, we may construct facilities to capture anticipated
future growth in production in a region in which anticipated
production growth does not materialize. We may also rely on
estimates of proved reserves in our decision to construct new
pipelines and facilities, which may prove to be inaccurate
because there are numerous uncertainties inherent in estimating
quantities of proved reserves. As a result, new facilities may
not be able to attract enough natural gas to achieve our
expected investment return, which could adversely affect our
results of operations and financial condition. In addition, we
face the risks of construction delay and additional costs due to
obtaining
rights-of-way
and local permits and complying with federal or state laws and
city ordinances, particularly as we expand our operations into
more urban, populated areas such as the Barnett Shale.
Acquisitions
typically increase our debt and subject us to other substantial
risks, which could adversely affect our results of
operations.
From time to time, we may evaluate and seek to acquire assets or
businesses that we believe complement our existing business and
related assets. We may acquire assets or businesses that we plan
to use in a manner materially different from their prior
owners use. Any acquisition involves potential risks,
including:
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the inability to integrate the operations of recently acquired
businesses or assets;
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the diversion of managements attention from other business
concerns;
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the loss of customers or key employees from the acquired
businesses;
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a significant increase in our indebtedness; and
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potential environmental or regulatory liabilities and title
problems.
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Managements assessment of these risks is necessarily
inexact and may not reveal or resolve all existing or potential
problems associated with an acquisition. Realization of any of
these risks could adversely affect our operations and cash
flows. If we consummate any future acquisition, our
capitalization and results of operations may change
significantly, and you will not have the opportunity to evaluate
the economic, financial and other relevant information that we
will consider in determining the application of these funds and
other resources.
Additionally, our ability to grow our asset base in the near
future through acquisitions may be limited due to our lack of
access to capital markets.
We
expect to encounter significant competition in any new
geographic areas into which we seek to expand and our ability to
enter such markets may be limited.
If we expand our operations into new geographic areas, we expect
to encounter significant competition for natural gas supplies
and markets. Competitors in these new markets will include
companies larger than us, which have both lower capital costs
and greater geographic coverage, as well as smaller companies,
which have lower total cost structures. As a result, we may not
be able to successfully develop acquired assets and markets
located in new geographic areas and our results of operations
could be adversely affected.
We may
not be able to retain existing customers or acquire new
customers, which would reduce our revenues and limit our future
profitability.
The renewal or replacement of existing contracts with our
customers at rates sufficient to maintain current revenues and
cash flows depends on a number of factors beyond our control,
including competition from other pipelines, and the price of,
and demand for, natural gas in the markets we serve. The
inability of our management to renew or replace our current
contracts as they expire and to respond appropriately to
changing market conditions could have a negative effect on our
profitability.
In particular, our ability to renew or replace our existing
contracts with industrial end-users and utilities impacts our
profitability. For the nine months ended September 30,
2009, approximately 37.1% of our sales of gas that was
transported using our physical facilities were to industrial
end-users and utilities. As a consequence of the increase in
competition in the industry and volatility of natural gas
prices, end-users and utilities are reluctant to enter into
long-term purchase contracts. Many end-users purchase natural
gas from more than one natural gas company and have the ability
to change providers at any time. Some of these end-users also
have the ability to switch between gas and alternate fuels in
response to relative price fluctuations in the market. Because
there are numerous companies of greatly varying size and
financial capacity that compete with us in the marketing of
natural gas, we often compete in the end-user and utilities
markets primarily on the basis of price.
We
depend on certain key customers, and the loss of any of our key
customers could adversely affect our financial
results.
We derive a significant portion of our revenues from contracts
with key customers. To the extent that these and other customers
may reduce volumes of natural gas purchased or transported under
existing contracts, we would be adversely affected unless we
were able to make comparably profitable arrangements with other
customers. Certain agreements with key customers provide for
minimum volumes of natural gas or natural gas services that
require the customer to transport, process or purchase until the
expiration of the term of the applicable agreement, subject to
certain force majeure provisions. Customers may default on their
obligations to transport, process or purchase the minimum
volumes of natural gas or natural gas services required under
the applicable agreements.
Our
business involves many hazards and operational risks, some of
which may not be fully covered by insurance.
Our operations are subject to the many hazards inherent in the
gathering, compressing, processing and storage of natural gas
and NGLs, including:
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damage to pipelines, related equipment and surrounding
properties caused by hurricanes, floods, fires and other natural
disasters and acts of terrorism;
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inadvertent damage from construction and farm equipment;
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leaks of natural gas, NGLs and other hydrocarbons; and
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fires and explosions.
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These risks could result in substantial losses due to personal
injury
and/or loss
of life, severe damage to and destruction of property and
equipment and pollution or other environmental damage and may
result in curtailment or suspension of our related operations.
We are not fully insured against all risks incident to our
business. In accordance with typical industry practice, we do
not have any property insurance on any of our underground
pipeline systems that would cover damage to the pipelines. We
are not insured against all environmental accidents that might
occur, other than those considered to be sudden and accidental.
If a significant accident or event occurs that is not fully
insured, it could adversely affect our operations and financial
condition.
The
threat of terrorist attacks has resulted in increased costs, and
future war or risk of war may adversely impact our results of
operations and our ability to raise capital.
Terrorist attacks or the threat of terrorist attacks cause
instability in the global financial markets and other
industries, including the energy industry. Infrastructure
facilities, including pipelines, production facilities, and
transmission and distribution facilities, could be direct
targets, or indirect casualties, of an act of terror. Our
insurance policies generally exclude acts of terrorism. Such
insurance is not available at what we believe to be acceptable
pricing levels.
Federal,
state or local regulatory measures could adversely affect our
business.
Our natural gas gathering and processing activities generally
are exempt from FERC regulation under the Natural Gas Act.
However, the distinction between FERC-regulated transmission
services and federally unregulated gathering services is the
subject of substantial, on-going litigation, so the
classification and regulation of our gathering facilities are
subject to change based on future determinations by FERC and the
courts. Natural gas gathering may receive greater regulatory
scrutiny at both the state and federal levels since FERC has
less extensively regulated the gathering activities of
interstate pipeline transmission companies and a number of such
companies have transferred gathering facilities to unregulated
affiliates. Our gathering operations also may be or become
subject to safety and operational regulations relating to the
design, installation, testing, construction, operation,
replacement and management of gathering facilities. Additional
rules and legislation pertaining to these matters are considered
or adopted from time to time. We cannot
predict what effect, if any, such changes might have on our
operations, but the industry could be required to incur
additional capital expenditures and increased costs depending on
future legislative and regulatory changes.
The rates, terms and conditions of service under which we
transport natural gas in our pipeline systems in interstate
commerce are subject to FERC regulation under the
Section 311 of the Natural Gas Policy Act. Under these
regulations, we are required to justify our rates for interstate
transportation service on a
cost-of-service
basis, every three years. Our intrastate natural gas pipeline
operations are subject to regulation by various agencies of the
states in which they are located. Should FERC or any of these
state agencies determine that our rates for Section 311
transportation service or intrastate transportation service
should be lowered, our business could be adversely affected.
Other state and local regulations also affect our business. We
are subject to some ratable take and common purchaser statutes
in the states where we operate. Ratable take statutes generally
require gatherers to take, without undue discrimination, natural
gas production that may be tendered to the gatherer for
handling. Similarly, common purchaser statutes generally require
gatherers to purchase without undue discrimination as to source
of supply or producer. These statutes have the effect of
restricting our right as an owner of gathering facilities to
decide with whom we contract to purchase or transport natural
gas. Federal law leaves any economic regulation of natural gas
gathering to the states, and some of the states in which we
operate have adopted complaint-based or other limited economic
regulation of natural gas gathering activities. States in which
we operate that have adopted some form of complaint-based
regulation, like Texas, generally allow natural gas producers
and shippers to file complaints with state regulators in an
effort to resolve grievances relating to natural gas gathering
access and rate discrimination.
The states in which we conduct operations administer federal
pipeline safety standards under the Pipeline Safety Act of 1968.
The rural gathering exemption under the Natural Gas
Pipeline Safety Act of 1968 presently exempts substantial
portions of our gathering facilities from jurisdiction under
that statute, including those portions located outside of
cities, towns, or any area designated as residential or
commercial, such as a subdivision or shopping center. The
rural gathering exemption, however, may be
restricted in the future, and it does not apply to our natural
gas transmission pipelines. In response to recent pipeline
accidents in other parts of the country, Congress and the
Department of Transportation, or DOT, have passed or are
considering heightened pipeline safety requirements.
Compliance with pipeline integrity regulations issued by the
United States Department of Transportation in December 2003 or
those issued by the TRRC could result in substantial
expenditures for testing, repairs and replacement. TRRC
regulations require periodic testing of all intrastate pipelines
meeting certain size and location requirements. Our costs
relating to compliance with the required testing under the TRRC
regulations, adjusted to exclude costs associated with
discontinued operations, were approximately at
$1.4 million, $0.1 million, and $0.1 million for
the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006,
respectively, and $1.0 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2009. We expect the costs for compliance with
TRRC and DOT regulations to be approximately $4.0 million
during the last quarter of 2009 and during 2010. If our
pipelines fail to meet the safety standards mandated by the TRRC
or the DOT regulations, then we may be required to repair or
replace sections of such pipelines, the cost of which cannot be
estimated at this time.
As our operations continue to expand into and around urban, or
more populated areas, such as the Barnett Shale, we may incur
additional expenses to mitigate noise, odor and light that may
be emitted in our operations, and expenses related to the
appearance of our facilities. Municipal and other local or state
regulations are imposing various obligations, including, among
other things, regulating the location of our facilities,
imposing limitations on the noise levels of our facilities and
requiring certain other improvements that increase the cost of
our facilities. We are also subject to claims by neighboring
landowners for nuisance related to the construction and
operation of our facilities, which could subject us to damages
for declines in neighboring property values due to our
construction and operation of facilities.
Our
business involves hazardous substances and may be adversely
affected by environmental regulation.
Many of the operations and activities of our gathering systems,
processing plants, fractionators and other facilities are
subject to significant federal, state and local environmental
laws and regulations. The obligations imposed by these laws and
regulations include obligations related to air emissions and
discharge of pollutants from our facilities and the cleanup of
hazardous substances and other wastes that may have been
released at properties currently or previously owned or operated
by us or locations to which we have sent wastes for treatment or
disposal. Various governmental authorities have the power to
enforce compliance with these laws and regulations and the
permits issued under them, and violators are subject to
administrative, civil and criminal penalties, including civil
fines, injunctions or both. Strict, joint and several liability
may be incurred under these laws and regulations for the
remediation of contaminated areas. Private parties, including
the owners of properties near our facilities or upon or through
which our gathering systems traverse, may also have the right to
pursue legal actions to enforce compliance as well as to seek
damages for non-compliance with environmental laws and
regulations for releases of contaminants or for personal injury
or property damage.
There is inherent risk of the incurrence of significant
environmental costs and liabilities in our business due to our
handling of natural gas and other petroleum substances, air
emissions related to our operations, historical industry
operations, waste disposal practices and the prior use of
natural gas flow meters containing mercury. In addition, the
possibility exists that stricter laws, regulations or
enforcement policies could significantly increase our compliance
costs and the cost of any remediation that may become necessary.
We may incur material environmental costs and liabilities.
Furthermore, our insurance may not provide sufficient coverage
in the event an environmental claim is made against us.
Our business may be adversely affected by increased costs due to
stricter pollution control requirements or liabilities resulting
from non-compliance with required operating or other regulatory
permits. New environmental laws or regulations, including, for
example, legislation being considered by the U.S. Congress
relating to the control of greenhouse gas emissions or changes
in existing environmental laws or regulations might adversely
affect our products and activities, including processing,
storage and transportation, as well as waste management and air
emissions. Federal and state agencies could also impose
additional safety requirements, any of which could affect our
profitability. Changes in laws or regulations could also limit
our production or the operation of our assets or adversely
affect our ability to comply with applicable legal requirements
or the demand for natural gas, which could adversely affect our
business and our profitability.
Our
success depends on key members of our management, the loss or
replacement of whom could disrupt our business
operations.
We depend on the continued employment and performance of the
officers of the general partner of our general partner and key
operational personnel. The general partner of our general
partner has entered into employment agreements with each of its
executive officers. If any of these officers or other key
personnel resign or become unable to continue in their present
roles and are not adequately replaced, our business operations
could be materially adversely affected. We do not maintain any
key man life insurance for any officers.